放养在淡水，河口和海洋环境中会出现的全球补充，维持或加强水生生物的群体，尤其是鱼类和腹足类，甲壳类。股票增强是使用渔业管理者恢复娱乐性和商业显著鱼种枯竭种群。股票的增强也被增强未成年人的自然供给，并通过克服招工限制优化收成，增加渔业的生产力。在养殖渔业资源增殖是最常见的小型水体进行定期来维持或增加产量。一般放养涉及大量生命早期阶段的动物在孵化场被批量生产的释放。

在发达国家放养的主要目的是为受威胁物种的恢复和支持休闲渔业，而在发展中国家，ismore加大对农村社区的食用鱼供应，并通过从鱼收获的收入改善生活。

放养计划使用种子储备生产用于水产养殖和在某些情况下人工繁殖技术已经到支持的放养计划专门设立的。在技​​术养鱼圈养的进步已经看到了物种和孵化场放养生产的幼鱼数量的数量激增。

近年来，然而，放养计划已经受到实质性的批评，由于孵化场饲养的鱼类的遗传结构和野生种群的健康，疾病的转移，引进外来物种和非目标物种，以及它们对影响感知的影响其他水生物种和环境。

为了最大限度地从资源增殖渔业的潜在利益，并解决上述批评，一个负责和生态可持续的方法应该为所有的放养计划被采纳。This requires, clear and well-defined objectives, an a priori evaluation of the need for stocking, well-formulated stocking strategies that consider the risks, benefits, the water to be stocked, and the fish to be used (e.g. species used, source of fish, size of fish, and number stocked). Equally important is the evaluation of stocking success in terms harvest yields as well as social, economic and cultural benefits. Other fisheries management measures will also need to be implemented to support stock enhancement, such as fisheries policies, regulations and guidelines for dealing with property and access rights. There are also technical aspects to consider, such as managing the stocked water bodies, harvesting, marketing, and education and training for participating communities.